Abstract The East Brazilian continental margin contains a large shelf sector called the Royal Charlotte Bank. It has terrigenous and carbonate sedimentation associated with coastal reefs. Studies using X-ray diffractometry (XRD) and the geochemistry of immobile elements were done in samples of these reefs to figure out the provenance of the mud that arrives there. In order to do this, samples of riverine sediment from the Jequitinhonha, Santo Antônio, João de Tiba, and Buranhém rivers as well as from the Barreiras Group’s sedimentary cliffs were taken. The Jequitinhonha River was found to be the most significant mud source. This was supported by the mineral fingerprints of smectite and biotite, the concentrations of immobile trace elements such as Zr, Hf, Nb, Ta, and Th, and the distribution and ratio of rare-earth elements. These findings are supported by the prevailing north-to-south drift that occurs in the region due to the northeasterly trade winds and waves that blow throughout the region for the vast majority of the year. The findings have significant implications for hydrographic basin management and the protection of reef benthic populations. Bank Xray X ray XRD (XRD there this Antônio Tiba Groups Group s taken source biotite Zr Hf Nb Ta Th rareearth rare earth northtosouth north south year populations

ABSTRACT. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the principal component analysis (PCA) to guide technical assistance regarding several dairy farms’ issues, which includes improving microbiological quality and physical-chemical composition of raw refrigerated milk. Data of monthly analysis of fat, protein, lactose, dry defatted stratum, somatic cell count, total bacterial count, milk temperature of 8,101 samples of milk from expansion tanks and production of 78 farms located in the northern region of Minas Gerais, Brazil were processed. Descriptive statistical measures and Pearson correlation coefficient were estimated involving all evaluated traits during the dry and rainy seasons. In addition, multivariate analyses were performed using PCA. The results showed that two farm sites were negatively related to milk quality in both seasons. One farm stood out positively, being able to be used as a herd management model to drive technical assistance actions. Thus, PCA is efficient in simplifying large amounts of data, allowing simpler and faster technical herd management interpretation.

Abstract Due to the recent technological progress, Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV), is an alternative for the high-resolution imaging of the terrestrial surface, helping map lineaments, essential structures on the stage of geological mapping. Therefore, this research aims to accomplish and to confirm the efficiency of the use of UAV high-resolution imaging for semi-automatic lineament mapping, in a shear zone in Guaçuí/ES. Orthomosaic was created from the UAV imaging, in which the LINE algorithm was used from Geomath PCI software for the semi-automatic mapping of lineaments. In addition, a manual lineament mapping was performed on the orthomosaic for comparison purposes, and a shaded relief image was made up of Azimuth 135° and Elevation 45°, from the SRTM data, followed by manual lineament mapping for a regional vision of the studied area. On the semi-automatic and manual extraction on the orthomosaic and shaded relief image, 61.30%, 61.63%, 57.38% of the lineaments, respectively, have NW-SE direction, showing a really strong correlation. Therefore, the semi-automatic mapping is extremely effective in terms of structural trends acquisition and can provide fine-scale data for the assessment of inaccessible areas.

Resumo O presente estudo investiga as projeções do imaginário social sobre o futuro do corpo humano na imagem cinematográfica da ficção científica. Buscamos, assim, compreender como se desenham as imagens do futuro da espécie humana no cinema. A pergunta que nos guiou ao longo do percurso foi: a partir das imagens que criamos hoje nos filmes de ficção científica sobre o amanhã, quais os desejos, os medos, esperanças, anseios e expectativas temos apontado em nossa construção coletiva do imaginário do futuro? Iniciamos pela perspectiva social de futuro que a publicidade no século 19 apontava para o ano 2000. Uma visão positiva de progresso a partir da tecnologia em nossas vidas. Em seguida, por meio de uma análisede uma constelação de frames de filmes futuristas contemporâneos, inspirada nos estudos do pesquisador Aby Warburg, propomos uma perspectiva de leitura e compreensão de uma memória social e seus respectivos afetos sobre as projeções contemporâneas de futuro do corpo humano. Neste momento podemos observar o pessimismo que as imagens traduzem da relação contemporânea das tecnologias com o corpo.

Abstract This paper investigates the projections of the social imaginary on the future of the human body in the cinematographic image of science fiction. We seek, therefore, to understand how images of the future of mankind play out in the movies. The question that guided us along the way was: based on the images we create today in science fiction films about tomorrow, which desires, fears, hopes, anxieties and expectations have we pointed out in our collective construction of the imaginary of the future? We started with the social perspective of the future that advertising in the 19th century pointed to for the year 2000. A positive view of progress from the technology in our lives. Then, through an analysis of a constellation of frames from contemporary futuristic films, inspired by the studies of the researcher Aby Warburg, we propose a perspective of reading and understanding of a social memory and its respective affects on the contemporary projections of the future of the body human. At this moment, we can observe the imagens reflect the pessimism in regard to the contemporary relationship between technologies and the body.

We report the case of a 30-year-old female being studied for a colonic tumor, on the computed tomography-scan an abdominal mass with wall reinforcement and air bubbles suggestive of a retained sponge, Barium enema showed an extraluminal radiopaque marker and a mass migrated into the colon, on surgery, an enterocolic fistula was found, and we resected the ascending colon and 40 cm of terminal ileum and performed a ileotranverse anastomosis. Gossypibomas, despite preventive measures, remain a concern for surgeons due to its medicolegal implications, a high clinical suspicion leads to a correct diagnostic protocol and an early treatment.

Abstract: Objective: To demonstrate the impact of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic on the training of General Surgery residents who belong to Hospital General de Mexico, in order to implement new teaching strategies. Material and methods: A purposeful search of the institutional surgical procedures database was conducted, identifying surgeries performed by General Surgery residents from November 2019 to February 2020, prior to the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, which were compared to the amount of procedures performed in March and April 2020 after the pandemic started. Results: Group 1 found a total of 1,494 surgical procedures with the following distribution: R1 = 279 (18.67%), R2 = 444 (29.71%), R3 = 531 (35.54%) and R4 = 240 (16.06%). The monthly average (n = 373.5) was as follows: R1 = 69.75, R2 = 111, R3 = 133 and R4 = 60. Group 2 found a total of 42 surgical procedures with the following distribution: R1 = 3 (7.14%), R2 = 19 (45.23%), R3 = 14 (33.33%) and R4 = 6 (14.28). Conclusions: The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic reduced the number of procedures to which residents of surgical specialties are normally exposed and could lead to a slowdown in practical skills even causing a setback.

Resumen: Objetivo: Demostrar el impacto de la pandemia por SARS-CoV-2 en la formación de residentes de Cirugía General del Hospital General de México, para implementar nuevas estrategias de enseñanza. Material y métodos: Se realizó una búsqueda intencionada en la base de datos institucional de procedimientos quirúrgicos, identificando los realizados por los médicos residentes del servicio de Cirugía General de noviembre del 2019 a febrero del 2020, previo a la pandemia por SARS-CoV-2 y se comparó con los procedimientos realizados en marzo y abril del 2020, posterior al inicio de la pandemia. Resultados: Grupo 1: se encontraron 1,494 procedimientos quirúrgicos con la siguiente distribución: R1 = 279 (18.67%), R2 = 444 (29.71%), R3 = 531 (35.54%) y R4 = 240 (16.06%). Con el siguiente promedio mensual (n = 373.5): R1 = 69.75, R2 = 111, R3 = 133 y R4 = 60. Grupo 2: 42 procedimientos quirúrgicos con la siguiente distribución: R1 = 3 (7.14%), R2 = 19 (45.23%), R3 = 14 (33.33%) y R4 = 6 (14.28). Conclusiones: La pandemia por SARS-CoV-2 disminuyó el número de procedimientos a los que se exponen los residentes de las especialidades quirúrgicas, pudiendo desencadenar en una desaceleración en las competencias prácticas o, incluso, un retroceso.

Abstract In this study, four milk substrates were analyzed to evaluate bovine Lactobacillus plantarum strain viability after 24 and 48 h of fermentation. In addition, cell viability, and post-acidification in transition milk fermented by these bacteria were assessed over a 60-d storage period at 4 and 25 °C. Significant reduction (30.9 %) of cell viability after 48 h of fermentation was observed for the formulation with whole milk. However, in fermented transition milk stored at 4 °C, cell viability and acidity were maintained at acceptable levels throughout the 60-d storage period. The viability of L. plantarum in fermented transition milk stored at 25 °C remained acceptable up to 50 d and minimum pH values were analyzed after 38 d of storage and maximum acidity levels after 56 d. Considering these results, transition milk may be preserved by L. plantarum fermentation as a substitute for milk in the artificial feed for calves as functional food.

Resumen En este estudio se analizaron cuatro sustratos de la leche para evaluar la viabilidad de la cepa de Lactobacillus plantarum de origen bovino después de 24 y 48 horas de fermentación. Además, se evaluó la viabilidad celular y la post-acidificación en la leche de transición fermentada por estas bacterias durante un periodo de almacenamiento de 60 días a 4 y 25 °C. Se observó una reducción significativa (de 30.9 %) de la viabilidad celular después de 48 horas de fermentación para la formulación con leche entera. Sin embargo, en la leche de transición fermentada almacenada a 4 °C, la viabilidad celular y la acidez se mantuvieron en niveles aceptables a lo largo del periodo de 60 días. La viabilidad de L. plantarum en la leche de transición fermentada permaneció aceptable hasta los 50 días, y se analizaron los valores de pH mínimo después de 38 días de almacenamiento y los niveles máximos de acidez después de 56 días. Tomando en cuenta estos resultados, la leche de transición puede ser conservada mediante la fermentación con L. plantarum como un sustituto de la leche en la alimentación artificial para terneros como alimento funcional.

Abstract Trichophyton mentagrophytes complex is the most frequent agent found in dermatophyte isolates after Trichophyton rubrum. It is divided into 3main groups: (1) Trichophyton benhamiae and related species; (2) Trichophyton simii and 2related species, Trichophyton quinckeanum and Trichophyton schoenleinii; and (3) T. mentagrophytes, T. interdigitale, and related species. They are all difficult to identify by morphophysiology. With the aim of classifying them at the species level, a descriptive study was performed on 17 isolated clinical strains identified in the Mycology Laboratory of the Universidad de Valparaíso as belonging to the T. mentagrophytes complex. They were compared with 3 reference strains (T. mentagrophytes CBS 318.56, T. interdigitale CBS 428.63, Trichophyton erinacei CBS 511.73). Morphophysiological and molecular tests were performed by high resolution melting analysis curves and ITS regions sequencing. Phenotypically, 3 species of the complex were identified. Molecular analyses reclassified all the species as belonging to T. interdigitale. In conclusion, no reliable morphophysiological patterns were established to differentiate between the species of the complex. Molecularly, all the strains studied were classified as T. interdigitale.

Resumen Los miembros del complejo Trichophyton mentagrophytes representan el segundo grupo en frecuencia de aislamiento de dermatofitos, luego de Trichophyton rubrum. El citado complejo comprende 3grupos principales: 1) Trichophyton benhamiae y especies relacionadas; 2) Trichophyton simii y 2especies relacionadas, Trichophyton quinckeanum y Trichophyton schoenleinii, y 3) T. mentagrophytes, Trichophyton interdigitale y especies relacionadas. Todos estos organismos son difíciles de identificar a través de la morfofisiología. Se presenta en este informe un estudio descriptivo de 17 cepas clínicas aisladas e identificadas en el Laboratorio de Micología de la Universidad de Valparaíso como pertenecientes al complejo T. mentagrophytes, junto con la caracterización de 3cepas de referencia (T. mentagrophytes CBS 318.56, T. interdigitale CBS 428.63, Trichophyton erinacei CBS 511.73), con el objetivo de clasificarlas a nivel de especie. Se realizaron pruebas morfofisiológicas y moleculares por análisis de curvas de melting de alta resolución (high resolution melting analysis) y secuenciación de regiones ITS. Fenotípicamente, se identificaron 3especies incluidas en el complejo. Los análisis moleculares reclasificaron todas las cepas como pertenecientes a T. interdigitale. En conclusión, no se lograron establecer patrones morfofisiológicos confiables para poder diferenciar entre las especies del complejo.

Abstract: This study aimed to characterize the helminthiasis and anthelminthic effectiveness in calf herds raised in a hot semi-arid area. Sixty (60) cattle farms from the northern area of Minas Gerais, Brazilian sertão, were categorized by semi-structured questionnaires. It was also performed the fecal egg counts (FEC) reduction test to analyze the profile of anthelminthic resistance in eight herds. The study selected groups of at least 10 homogeneous calves with FEC ≥ 150 per treatment. After 12 h of fast, calf groups were treated with albendazole, levamisole, ivermectin, doramectin or abamectin, except the control groups (untreated). It was collected feces before treatments and 14 d later larvae genera of nematodes were identified after coproculture. Extensive grazing was the predominant creation system for beef calves, deworming was employed every 6 mo in 64 % of the farms and macrocyclic lactones was the most frequently used anthelminthic group. The anthelminthic efficacy varied from 62 to 98.9 %. The resistance profile to ivermectin, levaminosole, albendazole and (or) doramectin verified in this research is alarming as the genus Haemonchus was the most frequent one before and after the treatments. It was detected variations in the creation systems, in control practices and in anthelminthic susceptibility profiles between herds. Therefore, this work emphasize the importance of using strategic control with FEC reduction test for choice of anthelminthic and the encouragement of practices of alternative control.

Resumen: El uso excesivo o inadecuado de los antihelmínticos sintéticos está promoviendo la selección de cepas resistentes de nematodos gastrointestinales al nivel mundial. Se llevó a cabo la caracterización de la helmintiasis y la eficacia antihelmíntica de cinco antihelmínticos en una muestra de becerros criados en el estado de Minas Gerais, Brasil. El estado está ubicado en una región conocida como el Sertão, y el clima es semiárido cálido. Se aplicaron cuestionarios semi-estructurados para recopilar datos sobre 60 granjas de ganado en el norte del estado. En ocho hatos se realizaron pruebas de la reducción del recuento de huevos fecales (RHF) para analizar el perfil de resistencia a cinco antihelmínticos comunes (albendazol, levamisol, ivermectina, doramectina y abamectina). Para aplicar el RHF, se recolectaron muestras fecales de grupos de al menos 10 becerros homogéneos con un RHF ≥150 por tratamiento. Se tomaron las muestras un día antes y catorce días después de la desparasitación con uno de los antihelmínticos; un grupo de control no recibió ningún tratamiento. Por medio de coprocultivo, se identificaron los géneros de las larvas presentes en las muestras. El cuestionario arrojó que el pastoreo extensivo fue el sistema predominante de producción de becerros, que se administraron antihelmínticos cada seis meses en el 64 % de las granjas, y que las lactonas macrocíclicas fue el grupo antihelmíntico más utilizado. La eficacia de los antihelmínticos evaluados varió entre el 62 y el 98.9 %. El perfil de resistencia verificado de la ivermectina, el levamisol, el albendazol y la doramectina es preocupante porque el género Haemonchus fue el más frecuente antes y después de los tratamientos. Se detectaron variaciones entre los hatos en términos de los sistemas de cría, las prácticas de control y los perfiles de susceptibilidad a los antihelmínticos. Los resultados resaltan la importancia de implementar el control estratégico de parásitos mediante la prueba de reducción de RHF para la elección de antihelmínticos, y de fomentar prácticas alternativas de control.

Resumo: O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar os efeitos da inclusão de feno de folha ou pseudocaule de banana em dietas completas sobre a ingestão, a digestibilidade de nutrientes e a produção ruminal de ácidos graxos de cadeia curta em cordeiros. Foram utilizados 30 cordeiros Santa Inês x Dorper, alocados em cinco tratamentos: 400 g kg-1 de feno de Cynodon spp.; 200 g kg-1 de feno de folha de bananeira + 200 g kg-1 de feno de Cynodon spp.; 400 g kg-1 de feno de folha de bananeira; e 200 g kg-1 de feno de pseudocaule de banana + 200 g kg-1 de feno de Cynodon spp. e 400 g kg-1 de feno de pseudocaule de banana. A inclusão de resíduos culturais de banana não teve efeito sobre consumo de matéria seca, matéria orgânica, proteína bruta, fibra em detergente neutro (FDN), fibra em detergente ácido, carboidratos não fibrosos e carboidratos totais, cujas médias foram de 1.086,8, 1.000,1, 182,7, 374,3, 194,7, 390,2 e 771,6 g por dia, respectivamente. Houve redução na digestibilidade da FDN com a inclusão de 400 g kg-1 de feno de folhas, mas não foram observadas diferenças nos outros tratamentos. A adição de feno de folha e de pseudocaule de banana pode substituir o feno de Cynodon spp. sem alterar a ingestão, a digestibilidade de nutrientes e a concentração ruminal de ácidos graxos de cadeia curta.

Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate the effects of the inclusion of banana leaf or pseudostem hay in complete diets on the intake, nutrient digestibility, and ruminal short-chain fatty acid production by lambs. A total of 30 Santa Inês x Dorper lambs were allocated to five treatments: 400 g kg-1 Cynodon spp. hay; 200 g kg-1 banana leaf hay + 200 g kg-1 Cynodon spp. hay; 400 g kg-1 banana leaf hay; and 200 g kg-1 banana pseudostem hay + 200 g kg-1 Cynodon spp. hay and 400 g kg-1 banana pseudostem hay. The inclusion of banana crop residues had no effect on dry matter intake, organic matter, crude protein, neutral detergent fiber (NDF), acid detergent fiber, non-fiber carbohydrates, and total carbohydrates, which presented averages of 1,086.8, 1,000.1, 182.7, 374.3, 194.7, 390.2, and 771.6 g per day, respectively. There was a reduction in NDF digestibility with the inclusion of 400 g kg-1 leaf hay, but no differences were observed in the other treatments. The addition of both banana leaf and pseudostem hay can replace Cynodon spp. hay without affecting intake, nutrient digestibility, and ruminal concentration of short-chain fatty acids.

ABSTRACT The present study was conducted to determine the effects of the inclusion of macauba cake, from biodiesel processing, on profile of rumen protozoa of Santa Ines lambs. Twenty-four lambs were randomized in block design supplemented with macauba cake at 0, 100, 200, and 300 g/kg of dry weight of the diet. Concentrations of small, medium, and large protozoa had quadratic relationships with inclusion of macauba cake, with maximum protozoa occurring at 100 g/kg. High genus diversity occurred in rumen fluid of lambs that did not feed macauba cake, comprising 13 protozoa genera. However, only the genera Isotricha, Charonina, Entodinium, Diplodinium, Eodinium, Diploplastron, and Polyplastron were detected in lambs fed 300 g/kg macauba cake, indicating that these protozoa were resistant to the effects of the cake. Addition of macauba cake levels greater than 100 g/kg show antiprotozoal effect in the rumen.

Resumo: Objetivou-se analisar a população de bastonetes Gram negativos aeróbios e anaeróbios facultativas no suco ruminal bovinos zebuínos de diferentes categorias, alimentados em pastagem tropical, e de novilhos alimentados com alto teor de grão e sem volumosos. Foram coletados fluido ruminal de 32 vacas, 50 novilhos e 50 bezerros alimentadas em pastagem de Brachiaria spp. e de 20 novilhos com acidose ruminal. Após diluições decimais, amostras foram inoculadas em placas contendo ágar MacConkey a 39°C. Para a identificação dos gêneros mais frequentes foram utilizadas provas bioquímicas. A concentração dessas bactérias não diferiu no ambiente ruminal de vacas, novilhos e bezerros de corte alimentados com pastagem tropical lignificada. Os gêneros mais frequentemente identificados para esses animais foram Escherichia, Enterobacter e Klebsiella. Novilhos alimentados sem volumoso e com acidose apresentaram maior taxa de detecção e maior população dessas bactérias no ambiente ruminal (>6 log/ml) quando comparados aos novilhos alimentados somente em pastagem. A espécie Escherichia coli foi predominante entre as bactérias isoladas do fluido ruminal de novilhos alimentados com dieta com alta concentração de grãos e com acidose (p<0,01). Constatou-se que em bovinos de corte, criados em pastagem tropical lignificada, a população desses microrganismos é baixa no ambiente ruminal e com maior diversidade de gêneros bacterianos. Entretanto em novilhos confinados e alimentos sem volumoso, apresentando acidose ruminal subaguda, ocorre desequilíbrio populacional com aumento da população de E. coli.

Abstract: This study aimed to analyze the population of Gram negative bacteria, rod-shaped aerobic and facultative anaerobes, in ruminal fluid of health Zebu cattle of different categories fed in tropical pasture and steers fed high levels of grain and without bulky. Rumen fluid from 32 cows, 50 steers and 50 calves fed on Brachiaria spp. and 20 steers with ruminal acidosis were collected. After decimal dilutions, the samples were inoculated on petri dishes with agar MacConkey at 39°C. Biochemical tests were used to identify the most common genera these bacteria. The concentration of these bacteria did not differ in the rumen of cows, calves and calves fed lignified tropical pasture and the most frequently identified genera for these animals were Escherichia, Enterobacter and Klebsiella. However, steers fed without forage and with acidosis showed a higher detection rate and larger population of these bacteria in the rumen (>6 log/ml) compared to steers fed only pasture. The Escherichia coli species was predominant among theses bacteria isolated from the rumen fluid of steers with acidosis (p<0.01). In beef zebu cattle raised on pasture lignified, the population of these microorganisms in the rumen is low showing greater diversity of genera. However in confined zebu steers fed without forage and with sub acute ruminal acidosis occur disequilibrium with increased E. coli population.

Protozoários do rúmen podem representar 40% do nitrogênio total e 60% do produto final da fermentação e apresentam atividade celulolítica. Neste estudo, objetivou-se quantificar e identificar as populações de protozoários no rúmen de novilhos, criados exclusivamente em pastagem, durante o período seco do ano, no Norte de Minas Gerais. Amostras do suco ruminal de 36 novilhos mestiços Nelore foram coletadas diretamente do rúmen, após o abate, durante o inicio, meio ou fim do período de estiagem. Para conservação dos protozoários, 1 mL do suco ruminal foi diluído em 9 mL de solução de formaldeido a 10%. Posteriormente, foram realizadas diluições decimais em solução salina e contagem de protozoários pequenos, médios e grandes em câmara de Sedgewick Rafter. As concentrações de protozoários foram transformadas em log10 (x+1) e submetidas à análise de variância e as médias comparadas com teste de Duncan. As frequências dos gêneros foram comparadas com o teste do qui-quadrado. As médias da concentração total e de pequenos e médios protozoários diminuíram significativamente com o decorrer do período seco; entretanto, os grandes protozoários não apresentaram alterações na concentração média durante os três períodos avaliados. Foram identificados 7749 protozoários, pertencentes a 17 gêneros diferentes. Observou-se que os gêneros Charonina e Entodinium apresentaram alta ocorrência no início, meio e final do período da seca (p<0,05), indicando a participação desses ciliados em bovinos alimentados exclusivamente a pasto, durante esse período do ano.

Protozoa of the rumen can represent 40% of total nitrogen and 60% of the final product of fermentation and it has cellulolytic activity. This study aimed to quantify and identify the ruminal protozoa populations from steers, raised exclusively on pastures during the dry season in the north of Minas Gerais, Brazil. Samples of ruminal fluid of 36 Nellore steers were collected directly from the rumen immediately after slaughter, during the early, middle or end of the dry season. For protozoa conservation, 1 mL of ruminal fluid was diluted in 9 mL of 10 % formaldehydes solution. Decimal dilutions were made in saline and the counting of small, medium and large protozoa was performed in Sedgewick Rafter chamber. The protozoa concentrations were transformed into log10 (x +1), subjected to variance analysis and the means were compared with Duncan test. The genus frequencies were compared with chi-square test. The concentration average of the total and of small and medium protozoa declined significantly over the course of the dry season; however, alterations in large protozoa concentrations were not detected over the three periods evaluated. A total of 7749 protozoa were identified, belonging to 17 different genera. Charonina spp. and Entodinium spp. had the highest occurrence during the three periods of dry season (P <0.05), suggesting the participation of these ciliates in rumen cattle fed exclusively on tropical pasture during this season.

Objetivou-se avaliar o perfil sanguíneo e o tamanho absoluto e relativo dos órgãos internos de bezerros em sistema de aleitamento convencional ou fracionado. Foram utilizadas 10 fêmeas, com peso corporal inicial médio de 37,53 kg (±2,36) e 12 machos com peso corporal médio de 81,6 kg (±8,6), ambos da raça Holandesa. O aleitamento convencional constituiu-se de quatro litros de leite fornecidos diariamente durante 54 dias de avaliação e o fracionado, de seis litros do 6º ao 25º dias de idade, quatro litros do 26º ao 45º dias de idade e dois litros do 46º ao 59º dias de idade, além de concentrado, feno de Cynodon sp., água e suplemento mineral fornecidos ad libitum. O delineamento experimental foi inteiramente ao acaso, com cinco repetições para os parâmetros sanguíneos e seis repetições para o desenvolvimento dos órgãos internos. As coletas de sangue foram realizadas nas fêmeas nos dias sete, 21, 28, 42, 49 e 56 de idade. Para a avaliação dos órgãos internos os machos foram abatidos aos dois meses de idade, após jejum de 16 horas. Não foram observadas diferenças para os valores de proteínas totais, albumina, globulina, creatinina, ureia, colesterol e β-hidroxibutirato nas idades avaliadas (p>0,05). Entretanto, para a concentração de glicose houve interação entre os sistemas de aleitamento e os períodos avaliados, podendo ser observado que com 21 dias de idade a concentração foi maior nas bezerras mantidas em sistema fracionado, quando comparadas aos animais do grupo convencional. O sistema de aleitamento não alterou o peso corporal final, peso corporal final vazio e o peso dos órgãos internos, exceto para o coração, demonstrando que o sistema de aleitamento fracionado não altera as avaliações dos órgãos internos.

The objective was to evaluate the blood profile together with the relative and absolute size of the internal organs of calves in conventional or fractionated feeding system. Ten females were used, with an average initial body weight of 37.53 kg (±2.36), and 12 males with a mean body weight of 81.6 kg (±8.6), both Holstein breed. The conventional feeding consisted of four liter milk supplied daily for 54 days of evaluation, and fractioned six liter milk was given from 6 to 25 days of age, four liter from 26 to 45 days of ager, and two liter from 46 to 59 days of age. Cynodon sp. hay, water and mineral supplement was provided ad libitum. The experimental design was completely randomized with five replicates for blood parameters and six replicates for the development of internal organs. Blood collections were performed in females on days seven, 21, 28, 42, 49 and 56 of age. For the evaluation of internal organs males were slaughtered at two months of age, after 16 hours of fasting. No differences occurred in the values of total protein, albumin, globulin, creatinine, urea, cholesterol and β-hydroxybutyrate in ages evaluated (p>0.05). However, for the concentration of glucose no interaction was found between lactation systems and periods evaluated. It can be noted that at 21 days of age the concentration was higher in calves kept in the fractionated system, when compared with animals of the conventional group. The feeding system did not affect the final body weight, the empty body weight or the weight of the internal organs, except for the heart, demonstrating that the fractional feeding system does not alter the assessment of the internal organs.

Piper aduncum L., Piperaceae, has been used to treat mainly inflammatory diseases and has shown several biological activities such as insecticidal and larvicidal. The aim of this study was to analyze the chemical composition of essential oil of P. aduncum and its efficacy to egg-hatching inhibition of Haemonchus contortus from sheep. The essential oil was obtained from leaves and analysed by gas chromatography coupled to flame ionization detector and gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry. It was possible to characterize 22 different substances, among them monoterpenes (80.6%) and sesquiterpenes (13.9%). The major compound was identified as 1,8-cineole (55.8%). Eggs of the nematode were exposed to four concentrations of the essential oil. Levamisole phosphate was used as positive control. The essential oil showed to be effective in inhibiting H. contortus hatchability and the LC90 was calculated as 8.9 mg.ml-1. These results can point out the P. aduncumessential oil and its chemical components as potential alternative to control of H. contortus